When starting writing an article, one would perhaps need to first decide about the kind of manuscript one would like to submit to the journal. Though there are many options, below are some of the most common types of articles published in journals:

Original Research articles

Original Research article is a traditional report of the scientific results that you would expect to find in academic journals. The original Research article provides a complete description of the original research findings. Although there is no set word limit, these are expected to be 3000-10000 words (with abstract, figures, tables, and references), have appropriate figures and/or tables (5-6), up to 100 references, and an abstract of 200–300 words. They should include Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusions. It may also include Future Recommendations.

Review articles

These are by far the most common types of articles. Review article does not cover original research but provides a comprehensive summary of the topic by identifying and summarising the results of original research. However, it does not mean that review articles are not adding anything to the progress of any given field. There are thousands of questions that remain unanswered, and review articles can provide clear reply, and analyze the evidence for or against any hypothesis.

Reviews may be narrative or may provide quantitative analysis summary based on the application of meta-analysis. Review article is expected to be 2000-5000 words (with abstract, figures, tables, and references), have up to 6 figures/tables, up to 70 references, and an abstract of 200-300 words.

Types of review articles include, but are not limited to:

• Scoping review – a preliminary assessment to identify the nature and the extent of the scientific problem;
• Systematic review – a comprehensive review in response to a research question that is written to identify, select and synthesize all of the published research. It is vital to understand that systemic review must have at least reviewers.
• Critical review – a piece of academic writing that seeks to identify the most important items and often results in a hypothesis or model;
• Literature review – an article looking to review what has been recently published and suggest identifying possible gaps on the topic;
• Meta-analysis – a review to take data from multiple studies of a similar nature and combines them with a more precise effect of the results.

Case Study articles

Case Study article is a descriptive, exploratory, or explanatory analysis of the topic. It requires investigating a scientific problem, examining alternative solutions, and providing the most effective, specific, and realistic solution(s) or changes using supporting evidence.

The case study article should include all relevant details of the research and explain all the results collected and the data analysis. The content should be rationalized using the available literature, and comments can be discussed with regard to outcomes and recommendations for future practice.

Review article is expected to be up to 4500 words, have up to 5 figures/tables, up to 20 references, and an abstract of 200-300 words.

Book Reviews

Book Review can be submitted, discussion of the themes and overall quality of an in-print book. This should assess the evidence base and critically review the content, quality, meaning, and significance of the book. The aim of a Book Review is to give a brief summary of the book’s strengths and weaknesses and to evaluate the its usefulness to the audience. The length of these articles is expected to be 500-2000 words.

Letters/Research Letters/Short Reports/Communications

This type of manuscript refers to short descriptions of research findings. These are short but authoritative reports in certain scientific fields, without becoming as exhaustive as classical review papers. Letters/Research Letters/Short Reports/Communications still maintain the rapid communication character with emphasis on recent findings and breakthroughs, but they are intended to also provide a concise and critical overview of the scientific field.

The length of these articles is usually 500-1500 words

Viewpoints/Opinions

Viewpoints/Opinions concern essays presenting an opinion on a specific topic (sometimes controversial).

These are short articles that focus on some of the key challenges, issues, or developments in a certain area of research. They can be “opinion” style articles, which give the author’s perspective on a particular issue supported by the literature.

Viewpoint/Opinion format contains up to 2000 words, up to 3 figures/tables, and up to 10 references.

Editorials

Editorials are short, opinionated pieces covering issues relevant to the journal’s scope. They address a relevant scientific problem and discuss the broader context of recent research in a particular field. Often Editorials deal with comments on articles published within journal issues. As a rule, this type of article is written by the journal editor(s).

Editorials should be a maximum of 1,500 words with no more than 10 references and one figure/table.

And finally, before you upload your manuscript, check whether it has all the following items:

• All necessary files have been uploaded.
• Your manuscript includes keywords, all figures, and tables, acknowledgments.
• Check again the color used in figures and tables. Be aware that colors can look different in print.
• Attach supplementary files if necessary.
• Check the spelling and grammar one more time.
• Check that all references mentioned in the Reference section are cited in the text and vice versa.
• Tell us whether you have obtained permission to use copyrighted materials.
• Download a Conflict of Interest Statement. We require all authors to disclose any financial interests or connections, direct or indirect, or other situations which may raise questions.
• Suggest us a referee (optional).